“Eddyville Ground, this is Cessna Four Four Romeo Papa with Information Lima at the terminal, ready for taxi.”
“Four Romeo Papa, taxi to Runway Six Right, left on Delta, right on Charlie, left on Foxtrot, hold short of Runway Three Three.”
Not quite Greek to a non-pilot, but some words are based on it.
This conversation uses the communications alphabet, also called the phonetic or radio alphabet, for clear and unambiguous radio exchanges. Hundreds of such exchanges occur every day, and aviation traffic is safer because of this universally understood ABC. But as businesslike and matter-of-fact as the radio alphabet seems, a closer look shows it is packed with history, romance, mythology, literature and the lure of faraway places.
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, adopted the communications alphabet in 1952. Soon NATO, our own armed forces, and the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) also adopted the alphabet. For the US Army and Navy, it replaced the Able Baker Charlie Dog Easy alphabet familiar from WWII movies.
The Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) specifies in Chapter 4-2-7 that the ICAO phonetic alphabet be used by pilots. The version printed there is actually the ITU alphabet, which uses Alfa instead of Alpha (Spanish pilots might be tempted to say Al-pa) and Juliett instead of Juliet (so French pilots won’t say Jool-ee-ay).
Although there seems to be a solid American base to the alphabet, with homely names like Charlie and Mike as well as the patriotic Yankee, we also get hints of the more cosmopolitan. You may be figuring weights and balance in pounds, but Kilo is a reminder that there are other measures—in Lima, for instance, or Quebec, or all over India.
As for history, Alpha and Delta are taken straight from the Greek alphabet, only a step removed from an earlier form of writing using stylized pictures, or pictographs. Alpha, for example, derives ultimately from the Hebrew aleph, which meant ox. Just turn the capital A upside down to see the ox’s head.
Romeo and Juliet, of course, are Shakespeare’s star-crossed lovers, children of two feuding families in the Italian city of Verona. In the Greek myth, Echo was the nymph who loved the self-absorbed youth Narcissus, pining away until only her voice remained. And could Papa be Hemingway?
There’s a whiff of the getaway vacation in Hotel and Golf, and the alphabet suggests a taste of nightlife: have a Whiskey and dance the Foxtrot. If you can manage the more exotic Tango, you might prompt a “Bravo!” from the spectators.
So the next time you use the familiar letters of the radio alphabet, think of its cosmopolitan cultural background. From its Greek beginnings in Alpha to the African zest of Zulu, this bunch of letters gets past the simple ABCs!
- Getting past the ABCs - June 12, 2014
But American Airlines apparently just can’t bring themselves to allow flight attendants and gate agents to say, “Delta”, always using “David” instead.
John, I’ve noticed that too with the AA flight attendants. Saying David instead of Delta does make them sound silly, or at the very least, unprofessional.
As a Senior pilot (guess 84 qualifies ?) who learned comm talk with the old system, I note that under some fast talk conditions, my mind tends to revert to the original system. Center has never complained, however.
AHP